Papua New Guinea is a country in Oceania that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and many offshore islands. It is located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The capital is Port Moresby.
Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries on Earth. PNG has 841 different languages listed for the country, although 11 of these have no known living speakers. PNG is a relatively small country of about 6 million people. It is also one of the most rural, with very few of its people living in urban areas. The country is one of the world's least explored, culturally and geographically, and many undiscovered species of plants and animals are thought to exist in the interior of Papua New Guinea.
Growth in the mining and resource sector has led to PNG becoming the 7th fastest growing economy in the world as of 2011. Despite this, the majority of the population still live in traditional societies and practice subsistence based agriculture. Many people live in extreme poverty, with about one third of the population living on less than $1.25 per day.
After being ruled by other countries since 1884, Papua New Guinea gained its independence from Australia in 1975. It remains a realm of Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea.
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